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Hot-dip galvanizing of cold-formed steel hollow sections: a state-of-the-art review

Min SUN, Jeffrey A. PACKER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 49-65 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0448-0

摘要： A good understanding of the effects of galvanizing on the short- and long-term behaviours of steel components is essential for structural design. This review paper is motivated by a series of recent reports on cracking in galvanized cold-formed tubular steel structures and the limitations of current steel product standards and steel design specifications in this field. The steel-related and galvanizing-related factors, different pre-galvanizing countermeasures for brittle cracking and the available technical documents are summarized. An extensive bibliography is provided as a basis for future research and development in this field.

关键词： cold-formed steel     hollow structural sections     hot-dip galvanizing     embrittlement     heat-treatment     residual stress     cracking    

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Dynamic material performance of cold-formed steel hollow sections: a state-of-the-art review

Cameron B. RITCHIE, Jeffrey A. PACKER, Xiao-Ling ZHAO, Amin HEIDARPOUR, Yiyi CHEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 209-227 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0388-8

摘要： This paper presents a literature review focused on the material performance of cold-formed, carbon steel, hollow structural sections under impulsive (highly dynamic) loading. Impulsive loading, represented by impact and blast, is characterized by a very rapid, time-dependent loading regime in the affected members and materials. Thus, the effect of high-strain-rate loading is initially reviewed. Next the material toughness, an important energy-absorption property and one measure of a material’s ability to arrest fracture, is considered by means of studying the Charpy V-notch behavior. The response of hollow sections under axial and lateral impact loading is then reviewed. ??Studies of blast on hollow sections, most of which fall under the categories of contact/near-field loading or far-field loading are presented. Under large-scale field blast experiments, cold-formed hollow sections have shown excellent behavior. Software for modeling blast loading and structural response, the latter including single degree of freedom analysis and explicit finite element analysis, is described and discussed.

关键词： cold-formed steel     hollow structural sections     composites     impulsive loading     impact     blast     experimentation     analysis     material properties    

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Civil and structural engineering applications, recent trends, research and developments on pultrudedfiber reinforced polymer closed sections: a review

Alfred Kofi GAND, Tak-Ming CHAN, James Toby MOTTRAM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 227-244 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0216-8

摘要： The objectives of this study are to review and evaluate the developments and applications of pultruded fiber-reinforced polymer composites in civil and structural engineering and review advances in research and developments. Several case applications are reviewed. The paper presents a state-of-the-art review of fundamental research on the behavior of pultruded fiber reinforced polymer closed sections and highlights gaps in knowledge and areas of potential further research.

关键词： fibre reinforced polymer composites     behaviour of FRPs tubular sections     pultruded FRP tubular profiles     FRP tubes in bridges     applications of pultruded FRP tubes     new-build with FRP tubes    

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Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 30-45 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0337-z

摘要：

Three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction technologies can reveal previously hidden microstructures in human tissue. However, the lack of ideal, non-destructive cross-sectional imaging techniques is still a problem. Despite some drawbacks, histological sectioning remains one of the most powerful methods for accurate high-resolution representation of tissue structures. Computer technologies can produce 3D representations of interesting human tissue and organs that have been serial-sectioned, dyed or stained, imaged, and segmented for 3D visualization. 3D reconstruction also has great potential in the fields of tissue engineering and 3D printing. This article outlines the most common methods for 3D tissue section reconstruction. We describe the most important academic concepts in this field, and provide critical explanations and comparisons. We also note key steps in the reconstruction procedures, and highlight recent progress in the development of new reconstruction methods.

关键词： microtomy     3D imaging     computer-assisted image processing     3D printing     tissue scaffold    

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Nanostructured hollow spheres of hydroxyapatite: preparation and potential application in drug delivery

Xiaojing ZHANG, Weixin ZHANG, Zeheng YANG, Zhao ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 246-252 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1299-9

摘要： A solvothermal method has been successfully used to prepare nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) hollow spheres with average diameters of about 500 nm and shell thicknesses of about 100 nm in a glycerin/water mixed solvent. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images show that the shells of the HA hollow spheres are actually composed of nanosheets with thicknesses of about 10 nm. By tuning the glycerin/water volume ratio, two other kinds of HA solid spheres with average diameters of about 6 or 20 μm were assembled from nanoflakes. The properties of the different kinds of spheres as drug delivery carriers were evaluated. Ibuprofen (IBU) was chosen as the model drug to load into the HA samples. The nanostructured HA samples showed a slow and sustained release of IBU. The HA hollow spheres exhibited a higher drug loading capacity and more favorable release properties than the HA solid spheres and thus are very promising for controlled drug release applications.

关键词： hydroxyapatite     hollow spheres     synthesis     drug release    

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Seismic performance of precast hollow bridge piers with different construction details

Zhiqiang WANG,Jiping GE,Hongyi WEI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 399-413 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0273-7

摘要： Currently the design scheme of precast hollow concrete bridge piers will be adopted in bridge design in China, but there is no code including specific design details of precast segmental piers in high seismic risk area. For comparative study of seismic performance of the hollow bridge piers which had different design details, six specimens of hollow section bridge pier were designed and tested. The specimens consist of the monolithic cast-in-place concrete bridge pier, precast segmental prestressed pier with cast-in-place joint and precast segmental concrete bridge pier with dry joints. Results show that all specimens have good displacement capacity. The bridge pier with bonded prestressed strands exhibits better energy dissipation capacity and higher strength. The un-bonded prestressed strand bridge pier displays less residual plastic displacement and energy dissipation capacity. The bridge pier with both bonded prestressed strands at the edge of the section and un-bonded in the center of the section not only exhibits more ductility capacity and less residual plastic displacement, but also shows better energy dissipation capacity. Compared with experimental results of prestressed bridge columns, analytical result demonstrates the developed numerical analysis model would provide the reasonable and accurate results.

关键词： hollow pier     seismic performance     cyclic load     precast concrete     bridge columns    

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Mechanics analysis of thin-walled box continuous girder with variable cross-sections in considering effect

Yuji CHEN, Qizhi LUO,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 352-356 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0057-7

摘要： In order to study the mechanics behavior of a thin-walled box continuous girder with variable cross-sections, using potential variation theories, considering the effect of shear lag of flange’s stress and the nonlinear geometry of vertical displacement, and evolving five generalized displacements with the spline function, the large deflection problem of the thin-walled box continuous girder with variable cross-section was transformed to a nonlinear algebraic equation, which was solved using the Newton-Raphon iterative method. The results of the calculation show that different shear lag warp functions to the cantilever, top and bottom plate should be taken to analyze the mechanics behavior of the thin-walled box continuous girder reliably. The thin-walled box continuous girder with variable cross-sections has more reasonable stress state and is more adaptable for the longitudinal change of internal forces than that with equal cross-sections. The effect of large deflection on the stress and displacement of the thin-walled box continuous girder with variable cross-sections depends on the values of the load.

关键词： thin-walled box girder with variable cross-sections     potential variational theory     shear lag     large deflection problem    

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Impingement of hollow cone spray on hot porous medium

ZHAO Zhiguo, XIE Maozhao

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 273-278 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0048-8

摘要： To have a good understanding of the formation of homogenous mixture in a porous medium engine, the interaction between hollow cone spray and hot porous medium was studied numerically by using an improved version of KIVA-3V code. The improved KIVA-3V code is incorporated with an impingement model, heat transfer model and linearized instability sheet atomization (LISA) model to simulate the hollow cone spray. The reasonability of the impingement model and heat transfer model was validated. With a simple model to describe the structure of the porous medium, the interaction between hollow cone spray and hot porous medium was simulated under different ambient pressures and spray cone angles. Computational results show that the fuel spray could be divided into smaller ones, which provides conditions for the quick evaporation of fuel droplets and the mixing of fuel vapor with air. Differences in ambient pressure and spray cone angle affect the distribution of droplets in the porous medium.

关键词： improved version     simple     impingement     atomization     hollow    

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Preparation and characterization of EVAL hollow fiber membrane adsorbents filled with cation exchange

Fengli ZHANG, Yuzhong ZHANG, Hong LI, Guangfen LI,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 462-467 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0011-1

摘要： EVAL hollow fiber membrane adsorbents filled with powder D061-type cation exchange resin were prepared through dry-wet spinning process, using hydrophilic copolymer EVAL as the fiber substrate. The microstructures of the membrane adsorbents were observed, and the pure water fluxes, BSA rejection, and static adsorption capacities of membrane adsorbents for BSA were measured. The effect of the resin-filled content on membrane performance has been discussed. The results showed that EVAL hollow fiber membrane adsorbents filled with D061-type cation exchange resins had good adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity increased with the quantity of the resin-filled content. The static protein adsorption capacity was 77.14 mg BSA/g membrane adsorbents when D061 resin loading content was 65% at pH 4.5.

关键词： substrate     copolymer EVAL     exchange     EVAL hollow     resin-filled content    

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Experimental study on the temperature dependence of ultraviolet absorption cross-sections of sulfur dioxide

ZHANG Shiliang, ZHOU Jie, CHEN Xiaohu

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 183-186 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0025-2

摘要： The photoabsorption cross-sections of sulfur dioxide were measured in the spectral regions of 200–230 nm and 275–315 nm at 298–415 K, using a grating monochromator with a resolution of 0.2 nm. The discrete absorption cross-section is directly correlated with the number of quantum excited from the base state. The absorption cross-sections at the peaks of discrete bands decreased linearly with the increase of temperature, which corresponded to the decrease in the population of vibrational and rotational transitions from the base level to higher excitation levels. The absorption cross-section peaks decreased linearly when the temperature increased from 298 to 415 K, with relative drops of 74.0% and 75.8% at 200–230 nm and 275–315 nm, respectively. Another distinctive feature of sulfur dioxide absorption spectra in the above two spectral regions was the quasiperiodic structure of the absorption peaks, whose equal wavelength intervals were 1.53 nm and 1.95 nm, respectively. Red and blue shifts were not found at the absorption peak positions.
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Detection of critical road roughness sections by trend analysis and investigation of driver speed interaction

Meltem SAPLIOGLU; Ayse UNAL; Melek BOCEK

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 515-532 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0814-4

摘要： Pavement roughness (IRI—International Roughness Index values) influence the stability of traffic movements both on intercity roads and urban roads. This study is to determine the exact locations of critical pavement roughness values that affect traffic motion stability and comfort in city centre highway arteries. Roughness data with 10 m intervals were collected on a 3140 m divided road containing three consecutive signalized intersections in the city centre arterial. These data were analysed using the distance-dependent Mann-Kendall trend analysis method and checkerboard model. The sections where roughness is important were determined at a 95% confidence interval. The results will show where future pavement improvements should be prioritized for municipalities and road maintenance engineers and will form a basis for the urban road management system.

关键词： trend analysis     checkerboard model     IRI     driver speed    

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Preparation and characterization of alumina hollow fiber membranes

Tao WANG, Yuzhong ZHANG, Guangfen LI, Hong LI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 265-271 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0010-2

摘要： With the rapid development of membrane technology in water treatment, there is a growing demand for membrane products with high performance. The inorganic hollow fiber membranes are of great interest due to their high resistance to abrasion, chemical/thermal degradation, and higher surface area/volume ratio therefore they can be utilized in the fields of water treatment. In this study, the alumina (Al O ) hollow fiber membranes were prepared by a combined phase-inversion and sintering method. The organic binder solution (dope) containing suspended Al O powders was spun to a hollow fiber precursor, which was then sintered at elevated temperatures in order to obtain the Al O hollow fiber membrane. The dope solution consisted of polyethersulfone (PES), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which were used as polymer binder, solvent and additive, respectively. The prepared Al O hollow fiber membranes were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TG). The effects of the sintering temperature and Al O /PES ratios on the morphological structure, pure water flux, pore size and porosity of the membranes were also investigated extensively. The results showed that the pure water flux, maximum pore size and porosity of the prepared membranes decreased with the increase in Al O /PES ratios and sintering temperature. When the Al O /PES ratio reached 9, the pure water flux and maximum pore size were at 2547 L/m ·h and 1.4 μm, respectively. Under 1600°C of sintering temperature, the pure water flux and maximum pore size reached 2398 L/(m ·h) and 2.3 μm, respectively. The results showed that the alumina hollow fiber membranes we prepared were suitable for the microfiltration process. The morphology investigation also revealed that the prepared Al O hollow fiber membrane retained its’asymmetric structure even after the sintering process.

关键词： Al2O3     ceramic membranes     hollow fiber    

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Applications of hollow nanomaterials in environmental remediation and monitoring: A review

Yuankai ZHANG,Zhijiang HE,Hongchen WANG,Lu QI,Guohua LIU,Xiaojun ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第5期   页码 770-783 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0811-0

摘要： Hollow nanomaterials have attracted significant attention because of their high chemical and thermal stability, high specific surface area, high porosity, low density, and good biocompatibility. These state-of-the-art nanomaterials have been shown to efficiently adsorb heavy metals, and volatile hazardous substances, photodegrade persistent organic pollutants, and other compounds, and inactivate bacteria. Such properties have enabled the use of these materials for environmental remediation, such as in water/wastewater treatment, soil remediation, air purification, and substance monitoring, etc. Hollow nanomaterials showed higher photocatalytic activity than those without hollow structure owing to their high active surface area, reduced diffusion resistance, and improved accessibility. And, the Doping method could improve the photocatalytic performance of hollow nanomaterials further under visible light. Moreover, the synthetic mechanisms and methods of these materials are important because their size and morphology help to determine their precise properties. This article reviews the environmental applications and potential risks of these materials, in addition to their syntheses. Finally, an outlook into the development of these materials is provided.

关键词： hollow nanomaterials     environmental remediation     nanotechnology     nanostructures     morphology    

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Ag/PMMA hollow waveguide for solar energy transmission

He LAN, Jianjun HAN, Hongping CHEN, Xiujian ZHAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 303-307 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0565-y

摘要： This paper describes an elaborate study on obtaining Ag/PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) leaky hollow waveguide which has a large aperture and low loss in transmitting solar energy. Through analyses and comparison, a quartz capillary with the inner diameter of 2 mm was chosen as hollow waveguide. We used the xenon light source, which has the similar spectrum as the sunlight to test and analyze the performance of the Ag/PMMA leakage hollow waveguide. The results are consistent with the transmitted theory of the dielectric/metal leaky type well. Meanwhile, the Ag/PMMA leaky-type hollow waveguide in this work had good qualities. Therefore, it will be a satisfactory medium for solar energy transmission.

关键词： hollow waveguide     transmit the solar energy     Ag/PMMA multiple film     parabolic collector    

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Formation of CaCO hollow microspheres in carbonated distiller waste from Solvay soda ash plants

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1659-1671 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2173-z

摘要： For decades, distiller waste and CO2 were not the first choice for production of high valued products. Here, CaCO3 hollow microspheres, a high-value product was synthesized from such a reaction system. The synthetic methods, the formation mechanism and operational cost were discussed. When 2.5 L·min–1·L–1 CO2 was flowed into distiller waste (pH = 11.4), spheres with 4–13 μm diameters and about 2 μm shell thickness were obtained. It is found that there is a transformation of CaCO3 particles from solid-cubic nuclei to hollow spheres. Firstly, the Ca(OH)2 in the distiller waste stimulated the nucleation of calcite with a non-template effect and further maintained the calcite form and prevented the formation of vaterite. Therefore, in absence of auxiliaries, the formation of hollow structures mainly depended on the growth and aging of CaCO3. Studies on the crystal morphology and its changes during the growth process point to the inside–out Ostwald effect in the formation of hollow spheres. Change in chemical properties of the bulk solution caused changes in interfacial tension and interfacial energy, which promoted the morphological transformation of CaCO3 particles from cubic calcite to spherical clusters. Finally, the flow process for absorption of CO2 by distiller waste was designed and found profitable.

关键词： distiller waste     CO2     hollow microsphere     CaCO3     Ca(OH)2     inside−out Ostwald effect    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Hot-dip galvanizing of cold-formed steel hollow sections: a state-of-the-art review

Min SUN, Jeffrey A. PACKER

期刊论文

Dynamic material performance of cold-formed steel hollow sections: a state-of-the-art review

Cameron B. RITCHIE, Jeffrey A. PACKER, Xiao-Ling ZHAO, Amin HEIDARPOUR, Yiyi CHEN

期刊论文

Civil and structural engineering applications, recent trends, research and developments on pultrudedfiber reinforced polymer closed sections: a review

Alfred Kofi GAND, Tak-Ming CHAN, James Toby MOTTRAM

期刊论文

Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future

null

期刊论文

Nanostructured hollow spheres of hydroxyapatite: preparation and potential application in drug delivery

Xiaojing ZHANG, Weixin ZHANG, Zeheng YANG, Zhao ZHANG

期刊论文

Seismic performance of precast hollow bridge piers with different construction details

Zhiqiang WANG,Jiping GE,Hongyi WEI

期刊论文

Mechanics analysis of thin-walled box continuous girder with variable cross-sections in considering effect

Yuji CHEN, Qizhi LUO,

期刊论文

Impingement of hollow cone spray on hot porous medium

ZHAO Zhiguo, XIE Maozhao

期刊论文

Preparation and characterization of EVAL hollow fiber membrane adsorbents filled with cation exchange

Fengli ZHANG, Yuzhong ZHANG, Hong LI, Guangfen LI,

期刊论文

Experimental study on the temperature dependence of ultraviolet absorption cross-sections of sulfur dioxide

ZHANG Shiliang, ZHOU Jie, CHEN Xiaohu

期刊论文

Detection of critical road roughness sections by trend analysis and investigation of driver speed interaction

Meltem SAPLIOGLU; Ayse UNAL; Melek BOCEK

期刊论文

Preparation and characterization of alumina hollow fiber membranes

Tao WANG, Yuzhong ZHANG, Guangfen LI, Hong LI

期刊论文

Applications of hollow nanomaterials in environmental remediation and monitoring: A review

Yuankai ZHANG,Zhijiang HE,Hongchen WANG,Lu QI,Guohua LIU,Xiaojun ZHANG

期刊论文

Ag/PMMA hollow waveguide for solar energy transmission

He LAN, Jianjun HAN, Hongping CHEN, Xiujian ZHAO

期刊论文

Formation of CaCO hollow microspheres in carbonated distiller waste from Solvay soda ash plants

期刊论文